Fortress of the Muslim (Pocket Size)

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a b c d M. Bloom, Jonathan; S. Blair, Sheila, eds. (2009). "Ceramics; IV. 1250–1500; D. Spain and North Africa.". The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195309911. Tabbaa, Yasser (2007). "Architecture". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three. ISSN 1873-9830. {{ cite book}}: |journal= ignored ( help) This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sourcesin this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( January 2023) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Alhambra | Palace, Fortress, Facts, Map, & Pictures | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Archived from the original on 29 January 2022 . Retrieved 25 February 2022.The Moor's Last Stand: How Seven Centuries of Muslim Rule in Spain Came to an End, Elizabeth Drayson The Alcazaba or citadel is the oldest part of the Alhambra today. It was the centerpiece of the complicated system of fortifications that protected the area. Its tallest tower, the 26m (85ft) high Torre del Homenaje ('Tower of Homage'), was the keep and military command post of the complex. It may have also been the first residence of Ibn al-Ahmar inside the Alhambra while the complex was being constructed. [131] [132] The westernmost tower, the 25m (82ft) high Torre de la Vela, acted as a watch tower. The flag of Ferdinand and Isabella was first raised above it as a symbol of the Spanish conquest of Granada on 2 January 1492. [133] A bell was added on the tower soon afterward and for centuries it was rung at regular times every day and on special occasions. In 1843 the tower became part of the city's coat of arms. [134] Inside the enclosure of the inner fortress was a residential district that housed the elite guards of the Alhambra. It contained urban amenities like a communal kitchen, a hammam, and a water supply cistern, as well as multiple subterranean chambers which served as dungeons and silos. [135] Nasrid palaces [ edit ] With the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Say: He is Allah (the) One. The Self-Sufficient Master, Whom all creatures need, He begets not nor was He begotten, and there is none equal to Him.

Salmon, Xavier (2016). Marrakech: Splendeurs saadiennes: 1550–1650. Paris: LienArt. ISBN 9782359061826. Sibley, Magda. "The Historic Hammams of Damascus and Fez: Lessons of Sustainability and Future Developments". The 23rd Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture. Granja, F. de la (2008). "Ibn Zamrak". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill. ISBN 9789004161214.The gate of the pomegranates". Patronato de la Alhambra y Generalife. Archived from the original on 10 February 2022 . Retrieved 10 February 2022.