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USB cables exist with various combinations of plugs on each end of the cable, as displayed below in the USB cables matrix. Since these currents are larger than in the original standard, the extra voltage drop in the cable reduces noise margins, causing problems with High Speed signaling. Battery Charging Specification 1.1 specifies that charging devices must dynamically limit bus power current draw during High Speed signaling; [51] 1.2 specifies that charging devices and ports must be designed to tolerate the higher ground voltage difference in High Speed signaling. a b c d e "Universal Serial Bus Cables and Connectors Class Document Revision 2.0" (PDF). USB.org. August 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 11, 2014 . Retrieved April 28, 2019. Part 2 - Electrical". MQP Electronics. Archived from the original on December 24, 2014 . Retrieved December 29, 2014.
Nice Micro-USB adapter Apple, now sell it everywhere", Giga om, 5 October 2011, archived from the original on 26 August 2012 While newer USB standards have gained popularity, mini USB cables continue to be used for specific devices like older sat nav systems and radio scanners. Their compact design and compatibility make them a convenient choice for powering and connecting these devices, ensuring their smooth operation and functionality.Universal Serial Bus 1.1 Specification" (PDF). cs.ucr.edu. 23 September 1998. pp.150, 158. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2015 . Retrieved 24 November 2014.
USB2.0 provides for a maximum cable length of 5 meters (16ft 5in) for devices running at high speed (480Mbit/s). The primary reason for this limit is the maximum allowed round-trip delay of about 1.5μs. If USB host commands are unanswered by the USB device within the allowed time, the host considers the command lost. When adding USB device response time, delays from the maximum number of hubs added to the delays from connecting cables, the maximum acceptable delay per cable amounts to 26ns. [37] The USB2.0 specification requires that cable delay be less than 5.2ns/m ( 1.6ns/ft, 192 000 km/s), which is close to the maximum achievable transmission speed for standard copper wire.
USB3.0 provides two additional differential pairs (four wires, SSTx+, SSTx−, SSRx+ and SSRx−), providing full-duplex data transfers at SuperSpeed, which makes it similar to Serial ATA or single-lane PCI Express. The D± signals used by low, full, and high speed are carried over a twisted pair (typically unshielded) to reduce noise and crosstalk. SuperSpeed uses separate transmit and receive differential pairs, which additionally require shielding (typically, shielded twisted pair but twinax is also mentioned by the specification). Thus, to support SuperSpeed data transmission, cables contain twice as many wires and are larger in diameter. [34] New EU standards for common mobile phone charger (press release), Europa, archived from the original on 3 January 2011 Mini USB cables have been widely used for connecting and powering various electronic devices, including sat nav systems and radio scanners. These cables feature a compact design with a mini USB connector on one end and a standard USB connector on the other, allowing for seamless connectivity to different devices.
The USB Power Delivery specification revision2.0 (USB PD Rev. 2.0) has been released as part of the USB3.1 suite. [56] [64] [65] It covers the USB-C cable and connector with a separate configuration channel, which now hosts a DC coupled low-frequency BMC-coded data channel that reduces the possibilities for RF interference. [66] Power Delivery protocols have been updated to facilitate USB-C features such as cable ID function, Alternate Mode negotiation, increased V BUS currents, and V CONN-powered accessories. OMTP Local Connectivity: Data Connectivity". Open Mobile Terminal Platform. September 17, 2007. Archived from the original on October 15, 2008 . Retrieved February 11, 2009. How fast can a fast-charging phone charge if a fast-charging phone can charge really fast?". CNet . Retrieved December 4, 2016.Europe gets universal cellphone charger in 2010". Wired. June 13, 2009. Archived from the original on August 18, 2010 . Retrieved June 22, 2010. Edison's revenge". The Economist. October 19, 2013. Archived from the original on October 22, 2013 . Retrieved October 23, 2013. Cai Yan (31 May 2007). "China to enforce universal cell phone charger". EE Times. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007 . Retrieved 25 August 2007. So Standard A Male to Mini B Male cables are for use from a Standard Host, to a Mini Peripheral. I.E. Your PC to a Cell phone. As of 14June2007 [update], all new mobile phones applying for a license in China are required to use a USB port as a power port for battery charging. [83] [84] This was the first standard to use the convention of shorting D+ and D− in the charger. [85] OMTP/GSMA Universal Charging Solution [ edit ]
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