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The end of British Rail in 1997 would change the ownership structure of the railways, with the restart of the great railway company names from the past and the creation of Network Rail which would own and operate the rails, and franchises that operated the trains. Intercity 125 train The Ballarat - Ararat section of the line was closed from 1994 until 10 July 2004, when it was reopened for a twice-daily service as part of the Linking Victoria Project. Services now run 5 times per day. It is worth pointing out that the Italianate features of King’s Cross — notably the tower as cited by Pevsner — could well reflected Prince Albert’s enthusiasm for Karl Friedrich Schinkel’s Italianate designs for the Prussian royal family — notably his work at Charlottenhof. Albert, incidentally, had chosen Lewis’ alder brother Thomas as his architect for Osborne House (1845-48), the summer home of the royal family on the Isle of Wight. Thomas Cubitt (1788-1855), who had begun his career as a carpenter, was the greatest London speculative builder and developer of the 1820s. Belgravia, Bloomsbury, Pimlico and Tyburn were largely built by him and he made an immense fortune. Lewis Cubitt also built the Great Northern Hotel (1854) — the oldest hotel in central London — which adjoins King’s Cross. Unlike the station, it is of no remarkable architectural distinction, though the passing years have given it a charming patina. It is recommended for those wishing to spend a night in London before going on to Luton Airport. When King’s Cross is restored the space between King’s Cross and St Pancras International will form a magnificent piazza. The two stations will supply a vivid lesson in the polarities of nineteenth-century architecture. (Lewis Cubitt was a very successful bridge designer — much of his work was overseas. He deserves more attention than he has received from historians.) Paddington Station, London (1854), designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel (1806-59) Matthew Digby Wyatt (1820-77) and Owen Jones (1809-74) Tite was indeed the designer of Carlisle Station (completed in 1847) as he was of Carnforth, which was completed same year. (Carnforth is featured in David Lean’s 1945 film Brief Encounter, with Celia Johnson and Trevor Howard.) Tite was an extremely versatile architect and was at one time President of the Royal Institute of British Architects. In his latter years he was a Liberal Member of Parliament. King’s Cross Station, London (1852), desigend by Lewis Cubitt (1799-1883) The introduction of the train timetable revolutionized travel in the 19th century. For the first time, travelers could plan their journeys in advance, knowing exactly when their train would depart and arrive. This made travel more convenient and reliable and helped to boost the popularity of the railways. In addition, the timetable also allowed railway companies to coordinate their services more efficiently, leading to a more streamlined and cost-effective operation.
In 2009 a woman was found by a Police Community Support Officer (PCSO) acting suspiciously. When approached she produced a gun and pointed it at a passing young child. Unarmed PCSO George McNaught of the Metropolitan Police wrestled the gun out of the woman's hands before overpowering and detaining her. The woman was arrested and PCSO McNaught was awarded the commendation of the High Sheriff of Greater London for his brave actions. He is the first PCSO to receive the award. [95]Pause for thought there, on a Friday evening in 1874, someone’s great great great grandparents took the sleeper from London to Scotland. What a trip that must have been, rolling through the heart of Victorian Britain. Bradshaw and the Birth of the Train TimeTable
John Graham (7 September 1973). "Then and now: the IRA's 1939 campaign in England". The Financial Times– via The Canberra Times p.2. Victorian railway companies fell over each other to use these north-south links. The LCDR, a railway that was always struggling financially, never made quite as much money as it had hoped from its own services over the lines, but it could charge fat fees to other railway operators for using them. As well as being extremely popular for freight trains right up to the 1960s, in late Victorian times a bewildering range of passenger services operated over the lines.When this line opened it passed through an area that was entirely rural, with Stepney, Homerton and Islington still country villages. The newly built Pentonville Prison, passed by the line, was also surrounded by fields. By the 1870s, however, the whole area had been built over. In January 2020, Victoria BID - the local Business improvement district - proposed removing the bus station from the mainline station forecourt to create a new "Station Square". Bus stops would be relocated to nearby streets. [148] [149] Cultural references [ edit ] Railway Stations: Go into ecstasies over them, and cite them as architectural wonders.” (“Gares de chemin de fer: S'extasier devant elles et les donner comme mod�les d'architecture.”) — Flaubert, Le dictionnaire des idées reçues [ The dictionary of received ideas] — never completed and invariably published with Bouvard and Pécuchet, which was also unfinished. The dictionary is an assemblage of popular opinions — cited as examples of bourgeois crassness. But here we must agree with those who were the butts of Flaubert’s humour. Frequent services operate to Seymour, with some trains continuing to Shepparton. The Albury line is no longer connected to the other 2.
occurred, even in large stations: "L's," for example, and a "T" plan at Stuttgart in 1863-68, where the returned wing lies between two sets of spur
10. London St Pancras
Police close case of rail worker's Covid-19 death after spitting incident". The Guardian. London. 29 May 2020 . Retrieved 5 June 2020. One other line that failed to be included into the Underground network was the one from Wimbledon to Sutton. First proposed in 1910 and intended to be an extension to the District Line, it was opposed by both the London, Brighton & South Coast Railway and the London & South Western Railway on the grounds that it would infringe on their territory. When the line finally opened in 1930 it was therefore operated by Southern Railways (which had absorbed the LB&SCR and LSWR in 1923). Today it is part of Thameslink. British Railways (BR) took over the station on 1 January 1948. A new set of offices for Continental trains opened on 14 June, while the eastern booking hall was renovated, opening on 5 February 1951. [55] [58] To the north, the London & North Western took the visionary decision to build a whole new electric line from Euston to Watford, known as the New Line. This used fourth rail electrification so as to be compatible with the new underground services, and by 1917 the line was being shared with the Bakerloo Line (though electrification did not reach Euston itself until 1922). Broad Street to Richmond services were also electrified at the same time. In 2019/20, Victoria was the second-busiest station in the UK, with an estimated 73.6 million passenger entries/exits. [68] However, as with other stations, patronage dropped dramatically as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The estimated usage figure fell 81% in 2020/21 to 13.8 million, although Victoria retained its rank in second place, behind Stratford. [69]
All these trains made the LCDR Farringdon line and the City Widened Lines as busy as any Underground line today. In 1865, for example, there were 352 trains a day passing through Farringdon, 116 of them Metropolitan Line services, 110 to Hammersmith, 62 Great Western trains to Kensington, 10 Great Western trains to Windsor and 30 Great Northern trains. By the 1880s there were 200 trains a day over the Widened Lines into Moorgate and 100 southbound from Farringdon through the Snow Hill tunnel.In the latest of his features for ChronicleLive, local historian CHARLIE STEEL recalls the various railway and Metro stations that have served North Shields since the middle of the 19th century The L&GR played a significant role in shaping the development of London in the 19th century. Prior to the railway, Greenwich was a relatively isolated suburb of London, but with the new transport links, it became much more accessible to people from across the city. The railway also helped to spur the development of other transport infrastructure, such as roads and other railways. The success of the L&GR also led to the construction of other elevated railways in London, such as the Metropolitan Railway and the District Railway, which helped to transform the city into the metropolis we know today. ’Underneath the Arches’ – the long relationship between Rail and Small Business There was no such hesitation from the Great Eastern Railway at Liverpool Street, which was perhaps the most enthusiastic builder of suburban lines. Formed in 1863 out of a merger between the Eastern Counties Railway and other companies, it vigorously expanded its network over the next 15 years, building lines to Tottenham, Edmonton, Enfield, Walthamstow and many other places. Many of these towns saw a doubling or even tripling of their population within a decade. This was all deeply rural territory at the time - Highgate and Finchley had about 4,000 inhabitants each and the branch to Alexandra Palace ran through open countryside. Two weeks after that branch opened, the palace burned down and so the line closed for two years until the palace was rebuilt, there being no other potential traffic. The suburb of Muswell Hill (initially the only other stop on the line) did not really take off until 1890 and was mostly built over the next twenty years New Street has always been the busiest of provincial British stations. Cowper’s station was entirely re-built by British Railways in the mid 1960s when the West Coast Main Line was electrified. It is a bland, efficient station of no substantial architectural interest. At 211 feet (64.31m.) Cowper’s original wrought iron and glass roof had the largest single span anywhere — until it was surpassed by Barlow’s and Ordish’s St Pancras train shed at 243 feet (74.07m.) completed in 1867. New Street was constructed by Messrs. Fox, Henderson & Co. for whom Cowper had worked — he had been responsible for the company’s contract drawings for Joseph Paxton’s 1851 Crystal Palace. George Gilbert Scott praised New Street in Secular and Domestic Architecture (1857): “An iron roof in its most normal condition is too spider-like a structure to be handsome, but with a very little attention this defect is obviated. The most wonderful specimen, probably, is that at the great Birmingham Station . . . ” Cowper was among the leading figures from what L T C Rolt described as a “brief heroic age of engineering”. He was the son of a professor of engineering at King’s College, London. At fourteen he began a seven-year apprenticeship with John Braithwaite (1797-1870) — a successful civil engineer. While still an apprentice he devised a system of railway signalling by means of small detonators — which made a load bang when a train passed over them. These were widely used in fog to alert engine drivers of hazards — when conventional signals could not be seen. Cowper set up on his own account as a consulting engineer in 1851. He contributed much to the development of steam technology. In 1870 he invented a device by which hand-written messages could be transmitted by telegraph without the need for the use of Morse code. Cowper was consulting engineer to the Post Office. St Pancras, London (1865-68)
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