Growing Success 20300573 Natural Power Disease & Fungus 800ml RTU, GREEN

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The majority of the growth of most powdery mildews is found on the plant surface. The fungus sends feeding structures into the surface cells, greatly reducing the vigour of the plant. Because of this surface growth, powdery mildews are even more influenced by the environment than other plant diseases. Choosing the right plant for the right place, along with some simple measures to adjust the environment can go a long way to minimising powdery mildew issues in gardens. Downy mildew: the downy mildew pathogen survives over winter as resting spores in dead, infected leaves. These initiate new infections in the spring. Subsequent infections occur from airborne spores produced on these initial infections. Wet conditions are required for infection to occur and the disease is very seldom seen on vines grown under glass. The pathogen is an obligate biotroph (it feeds on the living cells for extended periods without killing them, and cannot live on dead plant material). Vitis vinifera is susceptible; other Vitis spp. and related Parthenocissus spp. (Boston ivy, Virginia creeper) and Ampelopsis are less affected. Chooseless susceptible cultivars if downy mildew becomes a persistent problem. It is mainly a problem withbroad-leaved cultivarssuch as Veronica‘Midsummer Beauty’ and x ‘Franciscana Variegata’ but also occasionally present in some of the smaller-leavedspecies and cultivars,e.g . V. albicans, V. ‘Frozen Flame’ , V. rakiensis, V . ‘Youngii’ (syn. ‘Carl Teschner’) . The leaf spot pathogens Stigmina and Eupropolella cause brown spots on the leaves. The centres of the spots may eventually fall out, leaving irregular holes in the leaves that resemble damage from shotgun pellets – hence 'shot-hole'. Spots caused by Eupropolella are larger than those of Stigminaand sometimes havefungal fruiting bodies visible, and can lead to large parts of the leaf being shed Sulphur (Mildew Clear for Edibles) can be used on grapevines for powdery mildew control(full details on product label).

Provide good drainage, but water regularly during dry periods (plants suffering from regular but intermittent drought-stress are more susceptible). Application of mulch may help water retention Like that of most powdery mildews, the majority of the growth of rose powdery mildew is on the surface of the plant. This exposed growth makes it susceptible to a range of chemical control measures. Edibles:Tebuconazole with trifloxystrobin (ProvantoFungus Fighter Plus) can be used on glasshouse crops of cucumber, courgette and summer squash. Sulphur (Mildew Clear for Edibles) can be used on grapevines, gooseberries, cucumbers, peas and a wide range of root and tuber vegetables (full details on label). Powdery mildew: the powdery mildew fungus over-winters in the buds and when these start to growin the spring it produces airborne spores which spread the disease. The pathogen originated in north America, but is now present wherever vines are grown. Leaf infection reduces plant vigour. When fruits are infected they split as they expand and this allows secondary infection by grey mould ( Botrytis cinerea).Fruits damaged by powdery mildew are often then infected by the grey mould pathogen androt, or become mummified Mildew Clear for Edibles (sulphur) carriesa label recommendation for the control of gooseberry mildew. Prolonged leaf wetness is not required for infection by p owdery mildew, but high humidity is, so providing good air circulation is still important. Avoid drought stress and the overuse of nitrogenous fertilisers. Chemical control The RHS believes that avoiding pests, diseases and weeds by good practice in cultivation methods, cultivar selection, garden hygiene and encouraging or introducing natural enemies, should be the first line of control. If chemical controls are used, they should be used only in a minimal and highly targeted manner. Non-chemical control Growing Success Fungus Stop is a pesticide-free alternative to help prevent disease on fruits, vegetables and flowers as well as ornamental plants. Its formulation contains natural ingredients and will not harm beneficial insects such as bees and ladybirds. It works by promoting a plant reaction to defend itself against a wide range of pests such as Powdery Mildew, Fruit Scab, Rust, Leaf Spot and more.

Theproducts above also have recommendations for control of powdery mildew, as do products containing sulphur(Fungus Clear Ultra 2, Mildew Clear for Edibles, Roseclear 3-in-1 action (with fatty acids)).

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The RHS believes that avoiding pests, diseases and weeds by good practice in cultivation methods, cultivar selection, garden hygiene and encouraging or introducing natural enemies, should be the first line of control. If chemical controls are used, they should be used only in a minimal and highly targeted manner. Non-chemical control:

The fungicide tebuconazole with trifloxystrobin (Provanto Fungus Fighter Plus, Toprose Fungus Control & Protect) has a recommendation for the control of leaf spots on ornamental plants. Additionally, the fungicides tebuconazole (Provanto Fungus Fighter Concentrate) and triticonazole (Fungus Clear Ultra) are labelled for the control of other diseases on ornamental plants, and could therefore be used legally on Veronica(at the owner’s risk) to try and control the leaf spotting. There are no products available to amateur gardeners for the control of either downy mildew or grey mould. Spray directly onto the plant making sure a good coverage is applied to both upper and lower leaf surface. Badly affected shoots are best prunedout and disposed of as soon as the symptoms are seen. During routine spring pruning any shoots showing large patches of mildew around the thorns should also be cut out Ornamentals:The fungicides sulphur (Fungus Clear Ultra 2, Mildew Clear for Edibles), tebuconazole (Provanto Fungus Fighter Concentrate), tebuconazole with trifloxystrobin (Provanto Fungus Fighter Plus, Toprose Fungus Control & Protect), and triticonazole (Fungus Clear Ultra) are approved for the control of powdery mildewson ornamental plants.Further information on the management of downy mildews, powdery mildews and grey mould can be found in the advice profiles on the links below: Powdery mildew initially grows over the leaf surface, visible as a white powdery coating, particularly on the underside of the leaf

Resistance: A number of grape cultivars show some resistance to powdery mildew including the wine varieties 'Leon Millot', 'Orion', 'Seyval Blanc' and 'Triomphe d'Alsace' and the outdoor dessert variety 'Brant'. Chemical control Clean up and destroy fallen leaves to reduce the amount of the downy mildew pathogen surviving the winter Mulch plants each season to avoid drought stress, which predisposes them to powdery mildew infection, and make sure vines are adequately watered helping to prevent this problem Destroying fallen infected leaves in autumn will reduce the amount of infectious spores next spring. Promptly pruning out infected shoots will reduce subsequent infection. Under certain environmental conditions some Stemphylium speciesare thought to be able to produce a sexual stage, and spores liberated from the fruiting bodies of the fungus in this scenario could account for the overwintering survival of the fungus and its long distance dissemination.Ensure that any leaves falling prematurely from an infected plant are collected up and disposed of (by burning, burial or consigning to the council green waste). Heavily-infected shoots could be trimmed off and disposed of in the same way. Prune shrubs to give an open structure (which will again improve air circulation and reduce humidity) Don’t plant too densely, giving space between plants. Aim for an open environment to increase air circulation and reduce humidity There are no fungicides available to amateur gardeners with activity against downy mildewor grey mould. Little can be done by cultural means to prevent infections when conditions are suitable. Plants may sometimes'grow through' the problem, with new leaves being unaffected when growing conditions change so that they are less conducive for the diseases