Universal Battery Active Equalizer Balancer Lithium Battery Balance Board 12‑16S Active Equalizer Module Lightweight Energy Transfer Board for LTO LPO LFP 1.8V‑4.5V

Product Information

Fan, S.; Duan, J.; Sun, L.; Zhang, K. A fast modularized multiwinding transformer balancing topology for series-connected super capacitors. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2018, 34, 3255–3268. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Das, U.K.; Shrivastava, P.; Tey, K.S.; Bin Idris, M.Y.I.; Mekhilef, S.; Jamei, E.; Seyedmahmoudian, M.; Stojcevski, A. Advancement of lithium-ion battery cells voltage equalization techniques: A review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2020, 134, 110227. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]

Another flexible interleaved converter proposed in reference ( Mestrallet et al., 2014) utilizes a bidirectional DC equalizer instead of the transformer to reduce the size and weight of the system in which each phase of interleaved converter could synchronously operate. The current of natural active balancing is low leading to a little time-consuming at the end of equalization. Yewen Wei et al. proposed a hybrid forced and natural method in reference ( Wei et al., 2018) that could relatively reduce the time of the equalization process. Then, the matrix solution of the working time of the equalizer switch array can directly obtain the switch control scheme in the independent equalizer, avoiding the energy circulation caused by the repeated conduction of the same group of switches in the independent converter ( Wei et al., 2019b). To reduce the control complexity of inductor equalizers, a bidirectional multi-input and multi-output energy equalization circuit on the basis of the game theory is proposed in reference ( Wang et al., 2019). Finally, a systematic analysis method is proposed to evaluate the performance of various converters ( Shan et al., 2020). Working principle, the inductor converts the transfer charge carrier. When the battery error voltage is above 0.1V, the balance work is started until the error is stopped at 30mv. The built-in improved ultra-low internal resistance MOS, the balance current is 0-1.2A, and the battery voltage difference is smaller. The smaller the current, the static power consumption does not exceed 20uA! With balance instructions! Kim, M.Y.; Kim, J.W.; Kim, C.H.; Cho, S.Y.; Moon, G.W. Automatic charge equalization circuit based on regulated voltage source for series connected lithium-ion batteries. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Power Electronics-ECCE Asia, Jeju, Korea, 30 May–3 June 2011; pp. 2248–2255. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]Tan, D. Transportation electrification: Challenges and opportunities. IEEE Power Electrons. Mag. 2016, 3, 50–52. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] The MOSFET employs switching frequency to control the current during equalization. The maximum withstanding voltage of the MOSFET must be greater than the voltage applied at both ends, preventing it from breaking down. As seen in Figure 5, the voltage across the MOSFET at the disconnection moment is the battery voltage. However, the MOSFET in each layer withstands the different voltage, increasing with the number of layers. The maximum withstand voltage of the MOSFET is where V max is the maximum voltage of an individual cell, and m is the number of equalization layers. 3. SOC Estimation Based on AUKF Kutkut, N.H.; Wiegman, H.L.N.; Divan, D.M.; Novotny, D.W. Design Considerations for Charge Equalization of an Electric Vehicle Battery System. IEEE Symp. Ind. Electron. Appl. 1999, 35, 28–35. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef][ Green Version]

Liu, L.; Xu, B.; Yan, Z.; Zhou, W.; Li, Y.; Mai, R.; He, Z. A low-cost multiwinding transformer balancing topology for retired series-connected battery string. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2020, 36, 4931–4936. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Nazir, M.S.; Abdalla, A.N.; M. Metwally, A.S.; Imran, M.; Bocchetta, P.; Javed, M.S. Cryogenic-Energy-Storage-Based Optimized Green Growth of an Integrated and Sustainable Energy System. Sustainability 2022, 14, 5301. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]

Because the higher volt battery will excessive gassing caused by overcharging. The lower volt battery will sulphation caused by undercharging. Ye, Y.; Cheng, K.W.E.; Yeung, Y.P.B. Zero-Current Switching Switched-Capacitor Zero-Voltage-Gap Automatic Equalization System for Series Battery String. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2012, 27, 3234–3242. [ Google Scholar] Zhang, X.; Bai, X.; Shang, J. Is subsidized electric vehicles adoption sustainable: Consumers’ perceptions and motivation toward incentive policies, environmental benefits, and risks. J. Clean. Prod. 2018, 192, 71–79. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]

Support wireless cascading, the number of cascading series=A equalization board series+B equalization board series-1 Shang, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Cui, N.; Duan, B.; Zhou, Z.; Zhang, C. Multicell-to-Multicell Equalizers Based on Matrix and Half-Bridge LC Converters for Series-Connected Battery Strings. IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Top. Power Electron. 2020, 8, 1755–1766. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Publisher’s Note If you are using 24V battery group, 2pcs 12V battery connected in series, battery equalizer 24V is the best solution. The number of fuzzy sets of the input parameters determines the number of membership functions in the first layer. The theoretical domain of ∆ SOC is 0–0.6, SOC avg is in 0–1, ∆ V is in 0 to 1, and V avg is in 2.6–4.2. In terms of the imbalanced state of the battery and characteristics, the theoretical domain of the inputs is divided into five fuzzy sets of very large (VL), large (L), medium (M), small (S), and very small (VS). A fuzzy rule base is developed through expert knowledge of the battery equalization control process and practical experience. Finally, the number of membership functions is obtained. The membership functions selected are all Gaussian functions, denoted as where a is the center of the membership function, b is the width of the membership function, and a and b, as antecedent parameters of the fuzzy neural network, are obtained via database training and learning.

Conclusion and Future Work

Raman, S.R.; Xue, X.; Cheng, K.E. Review of charge equalization schemes for Li-ion battery and super-capacitor energy storage systems. In Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Advances in Electronics Comput. and Commun, Bangalore, India, 10–11 October 2014; pp. 1–6. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] Gao, M.; Qu, J.; Lan, H.; Wu, Q.; Lin, H.; Dong, Z.; Zhang, W. An Active and Passive Hybrid Battery Equalization Strategy Used in Group and between Groups. Electronics 2020, 9, 1744. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef]