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It has built-in overload protection, defends against short-circuits, and even protects against over-temperature. Best of all, you simply plug it in and start using it. The LT1173 is a versatile micropower DC-DC converter. The device requires only three external components to deliver a fixed output of 5V or 12V. Supply voltage ranges from 2.0V to 12V in step-up mode and to 30V in step-down mode. The LT1173 functions equally well in step-up, step-down or inverting applications. A voltage regulator 12v to 5v dc can also be implemented with an LM7805 linear voltage converter. It is used for (10mA to 1 Amp ) medium current to the high current application circuits. In general, it should be noted that the cheaper the product the more likely it is to be of poor quality. You should consider your budget and stretch it as much as possible to get the best possible converter. The LM317 is an adjustable voltage regulator IC capable of supplying more than 1.0 Ampere of current with a wide range of o/p voltage from 1.25 Volts to 37 Volts. Its regulation is a little bit better than other fixed voltage-regulator IC like LM7805, 7806, 7808, 7810 …
What makes “Fine” better than others? It is a relatively new IC. The datasheet is from 2014 where, for comparison, the MP2307’s is from 2008. It also features a very low Rds(on) values (90mΩ/40mΩ), but most interestingly the MP2315 has AAM (Advanced Asynchronous Modulation) power-save mode for light load.
Voltage regulators
Here are some electrical properties of the 6 modules. I didn’t have module properties for “Cigar” so the ranges are based on chip specs and could be better than actual module ranges. Module These 5 circuits all work (i.e. they all produce 5V across a load) and they all have their pros and cons. Some work better than others in terms of protection, regulation and efficiency. Like most engineering problems, it's a trade off between simplicity, cost, efficiency, reliability etc. Circuit 2 is a series Zener diode (or you could use a number of ordinary diodes in series to make up the voltage drop - say 12 x silicon diodes)
I calculated the efficiency of each module per each type of load as: eff = Pin/Pout = (Vin*Iin)/(Vout*Iout) It works, BUT the output can be a bit spikey due to the high frequency switching nature of the device. However, it's very efficient because it uses stored energy (in an inductor and a capacitor) to convert the voltage. It has reasonable voltage regulation and output current limiting. It will survive a short circuit and protect the battery. You can make a 12V to 5V converter yourself. This isn’t advisable unless you know what you are doing. The alternative is to buy one. But, there are many different styles available. It’s important you choose a type that suits your needs.
It works, BUT most of the power is dissipated by the Zener diode. Not very efficient! On the other hand it does give a degree of regulation if the load changes. However, if you short circuit the output, the magic blue smoke will break free from the Zener... Such a short circuit may also damage the 12V source once the Zener is destroyed. Another feature is the bidirectional function of all ports. This allowed me to have two encoders on one chip. Two more permitted controlling 7 MOSFETS and one SSR with a tiny footprint of 1" x 2" x 3/4" including 33 wires for all three boards. Input voltages are different. Higher current on the input side means higher voltage drop in the ammeter, resulting in a lower input voltage relative to the output of the power supply. Regardless of where you live, this voltage is too high and you’ll need to plug in a 5 volt adapter to get the right power for your device.
These have one more use for us, We originally tried to drive some high power MOSFETs with poor response, but after adding pull up resistors to the gates, and IO static with a pull down resistor set internally on the pin, we get very reliable control. In fact bandwidth of transmitted PWMs has almost tripled. This MOSFET controls large 12vdc coils for a hydraulic valve. Control response went from 97% - 99.9% range to 74% - 99.9%, giving tremendous improvement. The below image showing Voltage regulator IC without Heat-Sink and with a heat-sink. Sometimes heat-sinks are sold separately. Please ensure to connect heat-sink properly with conducting paste applied for high current applications.A load resistor or output circuit is a must at output end while implementing or testing it in a circuit to prevent zener diode from getting burn.
There are a few ways to get 5V from a 12V supply. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, so I've drawn up 5 basic circuits to show their pros and cons. Schottky comes with low stored charge and exhibits lower power loss and higher efficiency mechanical characteristics. It is manufactured in such a way that all external surfaces are corrosion resistant and terminals are easily solderable where current flows in one direction only and it stops the current flowing in other direction. The power drop which happens in this diode is lower than PN junction diodes. When voltage is applied across the diode terminals, current starts to flow which results in the small voltage drop across the terminals. The lower voltage drops results in higher efficiency and higher switching speed. Differences can be significant as seen above. At the lowest load test (25mA), the worst performer uses 3 times more power than the best. It works, BUT it only works at one value of load current and it wastes most of the power supplied. If the load value changes, the voltage will change, since there is no regulation. However, it will survive a short circuit at the output and protect the 12V source from shorting out.To affect the measurement as little as possible, I used the ammeter on the input side (in series) and calculated the current on the output side using Ohm’s law I=V/R. This way there was no impact on the output side which could add a voltage drop and influence the results. Voltage V was measured in parallel and resistance R is known and depends on the dummy load used for each test. Also, this IC is widely available and it is a lot more cost-efficient than the other ICs available in this segment. That is why we are going to use this IC for our circuit.
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