Wild Harbour

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Jensen, F. H., Beedholm, K., Wahlberg, M., Bejder, L. & Madsen, P. T. Estimated communication range and energetic cost of bottlenose dolphin whistles in a tropical habitat. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 131, Boström MK, Krog C, Kindt-Larsen L, Lunneryd SG, Wahlberg M. Acoustic activity of harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena) around gill nets. Aquat Mamm. 2013;39: 389–396. Verfuß, U. K. et al. Geographical and seasonal variation of harbour porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena) presence in the German Baltic Sea revealed by passive acoustic monitoring. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK 87(1), 165–176 (2007). Tougaard, J. & Beedholm, K. Practical implementation of auditory time and frequency weighting in marine bioacoustics. Appl. Acoust. 145, 137–143 (2019). Cardinale, M., Casini, M., Arrhenius, F. & Håkansson, N. Diel spatial distribution and feeding activity of herring ( Clupea harengus) and sprat ( Sprattus sprattus) in the Baltic Sea. Aquat. Living Resour. 16(3), 283–292 (2003).

Götz, T., Pacini, A. F., Nachtigall, P. E. & Janik, V. M. The startle reflex in echolocating odontocetes: Basic physiology and practical implications. J. Exp. Biol. 223, jeb208470 (2020). Kyhn, L. A., Van Beest, F. & Galatius, A. Spæktykkelse hos tre danske havpattedyr 2019–2021. http://dce2.au.dk/pub/TR253.pdf (2022). Fleiss, J. L. Measuring nominal scale agreement among many raters. Psychol. Bull. 76, 378–382 (1971).Time spent in visual crypsis was defined as time spent within 2 m of the surface or apparent seafloor. The nearness to seafloor was used for animals with GPS information (HP1, HP3 and HP5) or that made U-shaped dives, which were likely to represent a depth close to the seafloor (HP4, HP6). We verified the assumption that U-shaped dives are close to the seafloor using the animals with GPS-positions. Kyhn, L. A. et al. Pingers cause temporary habitat displacement in the harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 526, 253–265 (2015).

Read AJ, Waples DM, Urian KW, Swanner D. Fine-scale behaviour of bottlenose dolphins around gillnets. Proc Biol Sci. 2003;270 Suppl 1:S90–2. pmid:12952646 I had confirmation my rights would be returned prior to the liquidation but Freight held on to them anyway. Throughout, thepublisher would tell me one thing and do another... I still don't have my rights and have no idea when I will. Nor do I expect to see a single penny of the four-figure sum owed to me. Shambolic doesn't come close." Increasing anthropogenic noise in the oceans is of growing concern due to the adverse effects noise may inflict on marine life 1. Most anthropogenic noise is produced incidentally by activities at sea, but in some cases noise is produced purposefully to deter marine mammals from specific locations or areas. The most common example is the noise produced by Acoustic Harassment Devices (AHD, source level > 185 dB re 1 µPa @ 1 m root mean squared, rms 2) and Acoustic Deterrent Devices (SL < 185 dB re 1 µPa rms 2, 3), also known as ‘seal scarers’, which have been developed to deter pinnipeds from fisheries and aquaculture to prevent depredation and damage to fishing gear 4. While the efficacy of the largely unregulated AHDs in terms of scaring seals away from lucrative sources of concentrated food is debated 3, mounting evidence suggest that AHD sounds may have substantial negative collateral effects on sympatric species such as harbour porpoises 5, 6, 7, 8. Wright AJ, Akamatsu T, Mouritsen KN, Sveegaard S, Dietz R, Teilmann J. Silent porpoise: potential sleeping behaviour identified in wild harbour porpoises. Anim Behav. 2017;133: 211–222.Schaffeld, T. et al. Diel and seasonal patterns in acoustic presence and foraging behaviour of free-ranging harbour porpoises. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 547, 257–272 (2016). In Japan, almost 25% of fishing operators use gillnets, mostly in a small-scale gillnet fishery (vessel size of up to 5 gross tons). Especially in Hokkaido, gillnets are the most-operated fishing gear, used by more than 3 000 fishing operator households [ 25]. Around Japan, harbour porpoises are distributed mainly nearshore off Hokkaido [ 26– 29]. The Stranding Network Hokkaido (SNH), a local stranding network organised by scientists, museum curators, and fishers managed by the corresponding author M.T.F., has been collecting information on gill net bycatch along the Hokkaido coast. According to the stranding reports disclosed from SNH ( https://kujira110.com), one gillnet fisher (S. K., a co-author) reported up to 10 harbour porpoises bycatches occurred in his bottom-gillnets up to 10 times year -1. Although the total number of bycatch and incidence around Hokkaido remain unknown, because there is no obligation to report the total number of bycatch incidences. It is assumed that a substantial number of harbour porpoises are taken as bycatch around Hokkaido, drowning in gillnets could be one of the most significant threats for harbour porpoises in the Hokkaido area. van Beest, F. M. et al. Environmental drivers of harbour porpoise fine-scale movements. Mar. Biol. 165, 1–13 (2018).

Dawson, S. M. C. and Communication: The behavioural and social contexts of Hector’s Dolphin vocalisations. Ethology 88, 265–276 (1991). Macpherson’s only science fiction novel is a bleak and truly prescient novel of future war first published in 1936, just 3 years before the outbreak of conflict in Europe. A carefully drawn tale of survival in the wilderness and the value of our connection with others, Wild Harbour is both beautiful and heart-rending. Connor, R. C., Smolker, R. A. & Richards, A. F. Two levels of alliance formation among male bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 89, 987–990 (1992).

Dähne, M. et al. Effects of pile-driving on harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena) at the first offshore wind farm in Germany. Environ. Res. Lett. 8, 025002 (2013). Harris, C. M. et al. Marine mammals and sonar: Dose-response studies, the risk-disturbance hypothesis and the role of exposure context. J. Appl. Ecol. 55, 396–404 (2018). Verfuß UK, Miller LA, Schnitzler HU. Spatial orientation in echolocating harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena). J Exp Biol. 2005;208: 3385–3394. pmid:16109898 Cotter, M. P., Maldini, D. & Jefferson, T. A. ‘Porpicide’ in California: Killing of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) by coastal bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Mar. Mammal Sci. 28, 1–15 (2012).