MONDIA WHITEI, White Ginger Powder, Pure Organic, Natural Sun Dried 200g

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Suitable areas to grow plants are usually restricted to lower, frost-free elevations. The maroon umbrella-shaped flowers splashed with yellow-green edging on the corolla lobes are arranged in attractive clusters. The coconut-scent encourages visiting insect pollinators, which are especially active in the early morning and evening. After fertilization the horned pods (follicles/fruits) develop which can reach the size of a man's outstretched hand. Undisturbed, these plants are remarkably long-lived. One specimen has been known to grow on the veranda of a hotel for 50 years. Mondia Whitei is the root of Whites’s ginger, a slow-growing vine with a vanilla-like aroma. Studies suggests Whitei possesses sex-stimulating properties, thus supporting its traditional use as an aphrodisiac. Further studies have indicated scientific evidence of the plant’s ability to increase libido. It is said to stimulate the production of testosterone and increase potency by improving sperm motility.

It is known as Mulondo in central Uganda and is commonly found in the tropics from West Africa to southern and eastern Africa. Most developing countries are blessed with such herbal and medicinal resources, and Africa is one of them.Effects of extracts and fractions of Mondia whitei on mitochondrial ATPase activity at physiological pH (7.4). Data are mean±standard deviation of triplicate determinations (n=5). The mitochondrial ATPase activities in dichloromethane fraction (DCMF) 25 and 50 mg/kg treated groups were significantly lower compared with the normal control group while in methanol extract (ME) 25 mg/kg treated group, mitochondrial ATPase activity was significantly higher compared with the normal control group. The 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNTP) is a standard uncoupler. SD, sildenafil citrate; EF, ethyl acetate fraction; MF, methanol fraction (** P<0.01 and *** P<0.001 compared with the normal control group).

In this study, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, reducing sugars, and cardiac glycoside were found present, while steroids and anthraquinones were absent in either of the three extracts (aqueous, ethanolic, and chloroform) of the dry leaves of M. whitei. Ngbolua et al. [ 53], in their mini-review, reported the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, resins, and the absence of cyanogenic glycosides, anthraquinone, alkaloids, and cardiac glycosides in the leaves of M. whitei. This review complimented our study by confirming that the leaves of M. whitei contain saponins, flavonoids, and tannins, in addition to alkaloids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, reducing sugars, and cardiac glycoside not found in the study reported by Ngbolua et al. [ 53]. The difference might be due to soil differences or type of solvent used in extraction or the difference in ages of the plants used in both studies. One of the significant defensive mechanisms against radical-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress is the nonenzymatic antioxidant defense mechanism. Plant foods, vegetables, and fruit are highly rich in antioxidant properties, which could help prevent chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress. Plant phytochemicals such as flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids are indicated to be responsible for their enormous antioxidant properties [ 21– 23]. Giacco F, Brownlee M (2010) Oxidative stress and diabetic complications. Circ Res 107(9):1058–70. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.223545Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1990) Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: an overview. Methods Enzymol 186:1–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)86093-b Klaunig JE, Kamendulis LM, Hocevar BA (2010) Oxidative stress and oxidative damage in carcinogenesis. Toxicol Pathol 38(1):96–109. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192623309356453 where Ac is the absorbance of control and As is the absorbance of extracts/ascorbic acid. IC 50 value (a concentration at 50% inhibition) was determined from the curve between percentage inhibition and concentration. All determinations were done in duplicate, and the IC 50 value was calculated by using the equation of the line. Determination of cytotoxicity effects of MWL extracts Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.