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DAM, TTS, LFP, JRS, RBA, and DMO contributed to the study design. DAM, TTS, LFP, OAT, PQA, AP-T, LMC, RSB, and DMO contributed substantially to data collection, study execution, and data analysis and interpretation. DAM wrote the first draft of the manuscript; and PQA, RSB, OAT, TTS, LFP, LCM, AP-T, JRS, RBA, and DMO contributed to the preparation of the manuscript and editing. All authors read and approved the manuscript. Competing interests Kadivar M, Khatami S, Mortazavi Y, Taghikhani M, Shokrgozar MA. Multilineage differentiation activity by the human umbilical vein-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Iran Biomed J. 2006;10:175–84.
Nakamura Y, Muguruma Y, Yahata T, Miyatake H, Sakai D, Mochida J, Hotta T, Ando K (2006). "Expression of CD90 on keratinocyte stem/progenitor cells". Br. J. Dermatol. 154 (6): 1062–70. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07209.x. PMID 16704635. S2CID 28647667. DVD menu tools with 20 themed menu templates, create DVD chapters, DVD editing tools, editable artist metadata for audio CDs Raff M. Surface antigenic markers for distinguishing T and B lymphocytes in mice. Transplant Rev. 1971;6:52–80. Zhou Y, Hagood JS, Murphy-ullrich JE. Thy-1 expression regulates the ability of rat lung fibroblasts to activate transforming growth factor-β in response to fibrogenic stimuli. Am J Pathol. 2004;165:659–69. In humans, Thy-1 is also expressed by endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, a subset of CD34+ bone marrow cells, and umbilical cord blood-, cardiac fibroblasts, and fetal liver-derived hemopoietic cells.Pont S (1987). "Thy-1: a lymphoid cell subset marker capable of delivering an activation signal to mouse T lymphocytes". Biochimie. 69 (4): 315–20. doi: 10.1016/0300-9084(87)90022-8. PMID 2888493.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells identified by their plastic-adherence when maintained under standard culture conditions, self-renewability, and differentiation into several mesodermal lineages [ 1– 3]. MSCs are classically able to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondroblasts in vitro [ 4]. Since their initial description as colony-forming cell units present in the bone marrow [ 5], MSCs have been isolated from many tissue sources such as placenta [ 6], dental pulp [ 7], tendons [ 8], scalp tissue [ 9], adipose tissue [ 10], umbilical cord blood [ 11], umbilical cord perivascular cells [ 12], umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly [ 13], synovial membrane [ 2], amniotic fluid [ 14], and breast milk [ 15]. Due to their relatively easy isolation, multi-differentiation potential, low antigenicity, and good proliferation/expansion in cell culture, MSCs are considered ideal candidates for cell-based regenerative therapies [ 16]. Based on the minimal criteria established by the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT), human MSCs are identified by a combination of high CD105, CD73, and CD90 expression, and very low/no CD34, CD45, CD11a, CD19, and HLA-DR expression [ 4, 17]. Currently, there is no unique cell marker capable of solely isolating and defining MSCs. The observation that only a subpopulation of plastic-adherence isolated MSCs show multipotency [ 18] has led to a search for an ideal and definitive single MSC marker that would not only be specific to MSC, but would allow direct correlation with stemness [ 19]. Common side effects seen with this medicine include headache, constipation, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, flushing, and rash. These are usually mild and disappear after a short time. Consult your doctor if they bother you or do not go away. It may also make you feel sleepy or dizzy, so be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Drinking alcohol should be avoided while taking this medicine as it may worsen the side effects. Rege TA, Hagood JS. Thy-1 as a regulator of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in axon regeneration, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, cancer, and fibrosis. FASEB J. 2006;20:1045–54. doi: 10.1096/fj.05-5460rev. Single tail vein intravenous injection of antibody (OX7 mouse monoclonal IgG) against Thy1.1 in rats is used as a standard animal model to produce experimental mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis [16] which is popularly known in the field of nephrology as antiThy1 GN.The antigen Thy-1 was the first T cell marker to be identified. Thy-1 was discovered by Reif and Allen in 1964 [5] during a search for heterologous antisera against mouse leukemia cells, and was demonstrated by them to be present on murine thymocytes, on T lymphocytes, and on neuronal cells. It was originally named theta (θ) antigen, then Thy-1 ( THYmocyte differentiation antigen 1) due to its prior identification in thymocytes (precursors of T cells in the thymus). The human homolog was isolated in 1980 as a 25kDa protein (p25) of T-lymphoblastoid cell line MOLT-3 binding with anti-monkey-thymocyte antisera. [6] The discovery of Thy-1 in mice and humans led to the subsequent discovery of many other T cell markers, which is very significant to the field of immunology since T cells (along with B cells) are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response. [6] The conserved gene and its alleles [ edit ]
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