Exile: The Caein Legacy: Book One

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Pal, S., Ellis, V., and Dhaliwal, S. Effects of whey protein isolate on body composition, lipids, insulin and glucose in overweight and obese individuals. Br J Nutr 2010;104(5):716-723. View abstract. A lung disease that makes it harder to breathe ( chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD). People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often lose muscle function over time. Some studies show that taking casein protein along with exercise builds muscle. But early research shows that taking casein protein daily for 8 weeks does not improve lung or muscle function in people with COPD. The best treatment for milk/casein allergy is prevention or avoidance. To prevent an allergic reaction to casein, you must follow a casein-free diet, avoiding all foods that contain milk or milk products. Pal S, Radavelli-Bagatini S, Hagger M, Ellis V. Comparative effects of whey and casein proteins on satiety in overweight and obese individuals: a randomized controlled trail. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014;68(9):980-6. View abstract. Calcium casein, casein hydrolysate, magnesium casein, potassium casein, rennet casein, sodium casein

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration doesn’t regulate supplements. So, it’s a good idea to look for a casein supplement that underwent third-party testing. It’s usually a sign of a higher quality product. Casein food sources Gooderham, M. H., Adlercreutz, H., Ojala, S. T., Wahala, K., and Holub, B. J. A soy protein isolate rich in genistein and daidzein and its effects on plasma isoflavone concentrations, platelet aggregation, blood lipids and fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipid in normal men. J.Nutr. 1996;126(8):2000-2006. View abstract. Ang, M., Muller, A. S., Wagenlehner, F., Pilatz, A., and Linn, T. Combining protein and carbohydrate increases postprandial insulin levels but does not improve glucose response in patients with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 2012;61(12):1696-1702. View abstract. Shige H, Ishikawa T, Higashi K, et al. Effects of soy protein isolate (SPI) and casein on the postprandial lipemia in normolipidemic men. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1998;44(1):113-27. View abstract. Cirrhosis. Early research shows that drinking a casein protein supplement for 4-6 days improves mental status in people with cirrhosis.Teede HJ, Dalais FS, Kotsopoulos D, et al. Dietary soy has both beneficial and potentially adverse cardiovascular effects: a placebo-controlled study in men and postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:3053-60. View abstract. Res PT, Groen B, Pennings B, et al. Protein ingestion before sleep improves postexercise overnight recovery. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012;44(8):1560-9. View abstract. van Raaij, J. M., Katan, M. B., Hautvast, J. G., and Hermus, R. J. Effects of casein versus soy protein diets on serum cholesterol and lipoproteins in young healthy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 1981;34(7):1261-1271. View abstract. The casein in milk is a good source of calcium, which is essential for teeth and bone health. Not getting enough calcium can lead to a loss of bone mass and increase your risk of osteoporosis (a disease that weakens your bones). Holmer-Jensen J, Mortensen LS, Astrup A, et al. Acute differential effects of dietary protein quality on postprandial lipemia in obese non-diabetic subjects. Nutr Res 2013;33(1):34-40. View abstract.

Your cells rely on regular “feedings” of amino acids to continually make proteins. When you go without eating overnight or during an extended fast, your cells may not get the needed amino acids. As a result, they look for those amino acids elsewhere and break down your body’s muscles to get them. Wilborn CD, Taylor LW, Outlaw J, et al. The effects of pre- and post-exercise whey vs. casein protein consumption on body composition and performance measures in collegiate female athletes. J Sports Sci Med 2013;12(1):74-9. View abstract. Sousa MJCS, Reis Ferreira AL, Moreira da Silva JP. Bodybuilding protein supplements and cow's milk allergy in adult. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;50(1):42-44. doi:10.23822/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.28Casein is a lyophilic colloid akin to albumin and gelatin. It is isoelectric at pH 4.6 where its solubility in water is but 0.01 percent. It is amphoteric: below pH 4.6 casein forms moderately soluble salts such as casein chloride; above pH 4.6 casein forms salts with bases. Sodium caseinate and other alkali salts are soluble without limit, while calcium caseinate, other alkaline earth salts, and heavy metal salts are nearly insoluble. Caseinates readily form gels when slowly coagulated from concentrated solutions. Formaldehyde forms an insoluble compound with casein. Casein is insoluble in most organic solvents. Paracasein is less lyophilic but otherwise identical with casein. Manufacture

Reitelseder, S., Agergaard, J., Doessing, S., Helmark, I. C., Lund, P., Kristensen, N. B., Frystyk, J., Flyvbjerg, A., Schjerling, P., van, Hall G., Kjaer, M., and Holm, L. Whey and casein labeled with L-[1-13C]leucine and muscle protein synthesis: effect of resistance exercise and protein ingestion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol.Metab 2011;300(1):E231-E242. View abstract.

Diagnosis and Tests of Casein Allergy

Geerts BF, van Dongen MG, Flameling B, et al. Hydrolyzed casein decreases posprandial glucose concentrations in T2DM patients irrespective of leucine content. J Diet Suppl 2011;8(3):280-92. View abstract.

Protein is a vital part of any balanced diet,” says registered dietitian Elyse Homan, RD, LD. “But different proteins have different effects. Understanding how each protein works is beneficial, especially if you’re supplementing with it.” What is casein? Alfenas, Rde C., Bressan, J., and Paiva, A. C. Effects of protein quality on appetite and energy metabolism in normal weight subjects. Arq Bras.Endocrinol Metabol. 2010;54(1):45-51. View abstract. Baum, J. A., Teng, H., Erdman, J. W., Jr., Weigel, R. M., Klein, B. P., Persky, V. W., Freels, S., Surya, P., Bakhit, R. M., Ramos, E., Shay, N. F., and Potter, S. M. Long-term intake of soy protein improves blood lipid profiles and increases mononuclear cell low-density-lipoprotein receptor messenger RNA in hypercholesterolemic, postmenopausal women. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 1998;68(3):545-551. View abstract. The main difference is that casein is a slower-digesting protein than whey. “Casein forms a gel-like substance in your stomach,” Homan explains. “It releases more slowly than other proteins and takes longer for your body to absorb.” Casein protein benefits Cicero AFG, Aubin F, Azais-Braesco V, Borghi C. Do the lactotripeptides isoleucine-proline-proline and valine-proline-proline reduce systolic blood pressure in European subjects? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Hypertens. 2013;26(3):442-9. View abstract.Persistent heartburn. Early research in children with brain damage shows that a formula containing casein protein doesn't work as well as whey protein formula for reducing symptoms of heartburn. But casein protein and whey protein seem to have similar effects in infants with heartburn.