Young Hamilton: A Biography

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Hamilton became a clerk at Beekman and Cruger, a local import-export firm that traded with the Province of New York and New England. [24] Despite being only a teenager, Hamilton proved capable enough as a trader to be left in charge of the firm for five months in 1771 while the owner was at sea. [25] He remained an avid reader, and later developed an interest in writing and a life outside Saint Kitts, where he lived. He wrote a detailed letter to his father regarding a hurricane that devastated Christiansted on August 30, 1772. [26] The Presbyterian Reverend Hugh Knox, a tutor and mentor to Hamilton, submitted the letter for publication in the Royal Danish-American Gazette. Biographer Ron Chernow found the letter astounding because "for all its bombastic excesses, it does seem wondrous [that a] self-educated clerk could write with such verve and gusto" and that a teenage boy produced an apocalyptic "fire-and-brimstone sermon" viewing the hurricane as a "divine rebuke to human vanity and pomposity." [27] The essay impressed community leaders, who collected a fund to send Hamilton to the North American colonies for his education. [28] McCraw, Thomas K. (2012). The Founders and Finance: How Hamilton, Gallatin, and Other Immigrants Forged a New Economy.

Levermore, Charles H. (1890). "Henry C. Carey and his Social System". Political Science Quarterly. The Academy of Political Science. 5 (4): 561. doi: 10.2307/2139529. JSTOR 2139529. According to Gordon Wood, Hamilton dropped his youthful religiosity during the Revolution and became "a conventional liberal with theistic inclinations who was an irregular churchgoer at best"; however, he returned to religion in his last years. [225] Chernow wrote that Hamilton was nominally an Episcopalian, but: Nester, William (June 2012). The Hamiltonian Vision, 1789-1800: The Art of American Power During the Early Republic. U of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-1-59797-675-6. Owens, Mitchell (January 8, 2004). "Surprises in the Family Tree". The New York Times. Appended correction dated January 15, 2004 . Retrieved November 15, 2016. While there have been suggestions that the mother, Rachel Faucett or Fawcett—and therefore Hamilton himself—was of mixed ancestry, it is not an established fact. Newton, Michael E. (2015). Alexander Hamilton: The Formative Years. Eleftheria Publishing. p.10. ISBN 978-0-9826040-3-8.Denboer, Gordon R. (1987). The Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, 1788–1790, Volume III. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10650-8. On his deathbed, Hamilton asked the Episcopal Bishop of New York, Benjamin Moore, to give him holy communion. [215] Moore initially declined to do so, on two grounds: that to participate in a duel was a mortal sin, and that Hamilton, although undoubtedly sincere in his faith, was not a member of the Episcopalian denomination. [228] After leaving, Moore was persuaded to return that afternoon by the urgent pleas of Hamilton's friends, and upon receiving Hamilton's solemn assurance that he never attended to shoot Burr and repented for his part in the duel, Moore gave him communion. [216] Bishop Moore returned the next morning, stayed with Hamilton for several hours until his death, and conducted the funeral service at Trinity Church. [215] Relationship with Jews and Judaism

Established in 2014 Young's are a traditional, family run and owned Funeral Directors with over 25 years combined experience in providing the highest quality funeral care. We pride ourselves on our commitment to offer our community the very best care, attention, facilities and funeral ceremonial duties. Hamilton's next report was his Report on Manufactures. Although he was requested by Congress on January 15, 1790, for a report for manufacturing that would expand the United States' independence, the report was not submitted until December 5, 1791. [95] :274,277 In the report, Hamilton quoted from Wealth of Nations and used the French physiocrats as an example for rejecting agrarianism and the physiocratic theory, respectively. [45] :233 Hamilton also refuted Smith's ideas of government noninterference, as it would have been detrimental for trade with other countries. [45] :244 Hamilton also thought that the United States, being a primarily agrarian country, would be at a disadvantage in dealing with Europe. [139] In response to the agrarian detractors, Hamilton stated that the agriculturists' interest would be advanced by manufactures, [95] :276 and that agriculture was just as productive as manufacturing. [45] :233 [95] :276Young, Christopher J. (Fall 2011). "Connecting the President and the People: Washington's Neutrality, Genet's Challenge, and Hamilton's Fight for Public Support". Journal of the Early Republic. 31 (3): 435–66. doi: 10.1353/jer.2011.0040. S2CID 144349420.

Wood, Gordon S. (2009). Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789–1815. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-503914-6. The most recent synthesis of the era. Horton, James Oliver (2004). "Alexander Hamilton: Slavery and Race in a Revolutionary Generation" (PDF). New York Journal of American History. 65 (3): 16–24.Morris, Richard, ed. Alexander Hamilton and the Founding of the Vice President Burr shot Hamilton, delivering what proved to be a fatal wound. Hamilton's shot was said to have broken a tree branch directly above Burr's head. [168] Neither of the seconds, Pendleton nor Van Ness, could determine who fired first, [210] as each claimed that the other man had fired first. [209]

Staloff, Darren (2005). Hamilton, Adams, Jefferson: The Politics of Enlightenment and the American Founding. New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 978-0-8090-7784-7. Adair, Douglas & Harvey, Marvin (1955). "Was Alexander Hamilton a Christian Statesman?". William and Mary Quarterly. 12 (2): 308–29. doi: 10.2307/1920511. JSTOR 1920511.

One Nation Under Debt: Hamilton, Jefferson, and the History of What We Owe. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-154393-4. Melvyn R. Durchslag, State sovereign immunity: a reference guide to the United States Constitution (2002) p xix Hamilton argued, "And let me observe that an executive is less dangerous to the liberties of the people when in office during life than for seven years. It may be said this constitutes as an elective monarchy... But by making the executive subject to impeachment, the term 'monarchy' cannot apply..." [100] In his notes of the convention, Madison interpreted Hamilton's proposal as claiming power for the "rich and well born". Madison's perspective all but isolated Hamilton from his fellow delegates and others who felt they did not reflect the ideas of revolution and liberty. [101] Hamilton's interpretations of the Constitution set forth in The Federalist Papers remain highly influential, as seen in scholarly studies and court decisions. [237] Although the Constitution was ambiguous as to the exact balance of power between national and state governments, Hamilton consistently took the side of greater federal power at the expense of the states. [238] As Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton found himself in opposition to then Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, who opposed establishing a de facto central bank. Hamilton justified the creation of this bank, and other federal powers, under Congress's constitutional authority to issue currency, regulate interstate commerce, and do anything else that would be "necessary and proper" to enact the provisions of the Constitution. [239]