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On 3 November 2020 during 2020 US presidential election, the state of Oregon voted in an initiative to legalize psilocybin for mental health treatment at licensed centers and to decriminalize the possession of small amounts of all drugs. The new law came into effect on 1 February 2021. [17] On the same day Washington, D.C. passed an initiative to decriminalize the cultivation and possession of "entheogenic plants and fungi". [115] [116] [117] In 2021, the City Councils of Somerville, Northampton, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Seattle, Washington, voted for decriminalization. [118] [119] [120] California is currently in the process of reviewing bill SB-58 which would decriminalize many psychedelics including psilocybin, [121] after bill SB-519 was gutted by lawmakers. [122] On 7 September 2022, San Francisco lawmakers have unanimously approved a measure calling for the decriminalization of the use of entheogenic plants. [123] Branch, Legislative Services (15 May 2019). "Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act". laws-lois.justice.gc.ca.
These studies, along with others, illuminate a growing body of evidence that psychedelic compounds cause positive personality modification. It was found that healthy participants benefit from the use of these compounds, as well as participants with preexisting cognitive conditions. This finding further broadens the discussion about the potential use of psychedelic compounds, both for treating diagnosed conditions and in healthy individuals. Mushroom spore kits are legal and are sold openly in stores or on the internet as the spores and kits themselves are legal as they do not contain psilocybin/psilocin. Psilocybin and psilocin are illegal to possess, obtain or produce without an exemption or license as they are schedule III under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act. [32] Online dispensaries exist that illegally sell microdoses. [33] In September 2019, a motion to increase enforcement efforts against the sale of magic mushrooms was voted down by Vancouver council. [34] Efforts are underway to obtain exemptions for medical and research use under CDSA Section 56. In 2020, eleven end-of-life patients, including possibly also a first non-palliative patient, received an exemption to pursue psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy to help ease anxiety and depression. [35] [36] [37] [38] In 2020, 16 health professionals received permission from the Ministry of Health to use psilocybin themselves to help develop therapies for future use. [39] In 2021, exemptions have been granted to use psilocybin therapy as a treatment for mental health conditions. [40] Canada health regulators announced that the government would allow physicians to request access to psychedelics on behalf of patients with serious or life-threatening medical conditions. [41] This exempted the patients from being prosecuted by law enforcement. [42] On 5 October 2022, the Province of Alberta announced it would effectively make all psychedelics, including Psilocybin mushrooms, legal and regulated for medicinal use from January 2023. [43] Kaur, Harmeet (30 January 2020). "Santa Cruz decriminalizes magic mushrooms and other natural psychedelics, making it the third US city to take such a step". CNN . Retrieved 2 February 2020. Illegal (Decriminalized in Seattle, Washington; Ann Arbor, Michigan; Oakland and Santa Cruz, California; Somerville and Cambridge, Massachusetts; Oregon; and Washington D.C.) (Legal in Colorado [104])Illegal (Grow kits, spores, and mycelium legal, unenforced when is grown in the nature and in the outdoor in the wild.) Clinical trials involving psilocybin have shown promising results in reducing the burden of many psychiatric conditions. However, psilocybin and other psychoactive chemicals currently being studied require more than simply administering a capsule and waiting for the beneficial effect. This often includes weeks of therapy leading up to the first dose of psilocybin and again directly following. In a recent paper describing the goals and challenges of psychedelic therapists, Phelps identifies three core phases of treatment: “preparation for the medicine-assisted session, the medicine session itself, and integration of the psychological material that arises during preparation and the medicine session” [ 32].
Although psilocybin and psilocin have long been listed as controlled substances in Switzerland, mushrooms themselves were only specifically banned in 2002, initially by the Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products and later, by a revision of the Swiss Narcotics Act in 2008. Until 2002, magic mushrooms were readily available in Switzerland and, according to a Swiss medical agency, their ban was an attempt to prevent their increasing popularity in the country. However, some local health and legal authorities have criticized magic mushroom's prohibition, since surveys have showed that it had little impact on decreasing their consumption in the country. [97] [98]From 18 July 2005 [102] both fresh and "prepared" (that is, dried, cooked or made into a tea) psilocybin mushrooms became illegal in the United Kingdom; fresh mushrooms had previously been widely available, even in shops, but section 21 of the Drugs Act 2005 made fresh psychedelic mushrooms ("fungi containing psilocybin"), a Class A drug. [103] Possession and use of psilocybin and psilocin is prohibited since the 2005 Act, but mushroom spores, which do not contain psilocybin, are not regulated. Hopkins researchers recommend reclassifying psilocybin, the drug in "magic" mushrooms, from schedule I to schedule IV". Johns Hopkins. 26 September 2018. Archived from the original on 25 April 2019 . Retrieved 25 April 2019. The legal status of the Psilocybin mushrooms as a drug came into light when high school students were reportedly hospitalized after consuming the mushrooms for their psychedelic property in 2019. [79] [80] Psilocybin mushrooms themselves are not in the "list of drugs included in schedule" under the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 and therefore the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) can't arrest the students and only issue an advisory against the use of the mushrooms at best. [81] The Philippines is a signatory of the United Nations Convention on Narcotic Drugs which lists psilocybin as a Schedule I substance. [82] Number 6) if you look underneath at this point you will not be able to see the gills. They are hidden from view by a very thin, latex like membrane. Normally, these mushrooms grow at their maximum size in the two months prior to the hottest period in the year. In the United States, this means you can find them in May and June most frequently, although they can also be found up until January. Where Do Psilocybin Mushrooms Grow in the US?
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