About this deal
Opium and alcohol/benzodiazepines/ketamine/GHB: can increase sedation and lead to unconsciousness, choking on vomit, and possible death. 6,7 This poppy is grown as an agricultural crop on a large scale, for one of three primary purposes. The first is to produce seeds that are eaten by humans, commonly known as poppy seed. The second is to produce opium for use mainly by the pharmaceutical industry. [4] The third is to produce other alkaloids, mainly thebaine and oripavine, that are processed by pharmaceutical companies into drugs such as hydrocodone and oxycodone. [4] Each of these goals has special breeds that are targeted at one of these businesses, and breeding efforts (including biotechnological ones) are continually underway. [4] [5] [6] A comparatively small amount of P.somniferum is also produced commercially for ornamental purposes. a b c Gaevskii, A.V. (1999). "On the intraspecies classification of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)". Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal. 33 (3): 32–36. doi: 10.1007/BF02508453. S2CID 9716321. a b c d Bradsher, Keith (19 July 2014). "Shake-Up on Opium Island". The New York Times . Retrieved 8 January 2018. Brook, Timothy; Wakabayashi, Bob Tadashi (2000). Opium Regimes: China, Britain, and Japan, 1839–1952. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520222366.
Mahanandi " Gasagasalu ~ Bendakaaya". Nandyala.org. Archived from the original on 3 November 2022 . Retrieved 30 December 2011. U.S.C. § 188: US Code – Section 188 TO 188N: Repealed. Pub. L. 91-513, title III, Sec. 1101(a)(7), Oct. 27, 1970, 84 Stat. 1292". Codes.lp.findlaw.com . Retrieved 30 December 2011. Parrott A, Morinan A, Moss M, Scholey A. Understanding drugs and behaviour. West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2004. It was used by the ancient Greeks and Romans as a potent pain reliever. It was grown in Southeast Asia and known as the "joy plant", or Hul Gil, by the Sumerians.The native range of opium poppy is probably the Eastern Mediterranean, but extensive cultivation and introduction of the species throughout Europe since ancient times have obscured its origin. It has escaped from cultivation, or has been introduced and become naturalized extensively in all regions of the British Isles, particularly in the south and east [16] and in almost all other countries of the world with suitable, temperate climates. [17] Ecology [ edit ] Diseases [ edit ] Australia (Tasmania), Turkey and India are the major producers of poppy for medicinal purposes and poppy-based drugs, such as morphine or codeine. [38] [15] The New York Times reported, in 2014, that Tasmania was the largest producer of the poppy cultivars used for thebaine (85% of the world's supply) and oripavine (100% of the world's supply) production. Tasmania also had 25% of the world's opium and codeine production. [4] Restrictions [ edit ] Opium poppy fields near Metheringham, Lincolnshire, England Judis J: Binding of codeine, morphine, and methadone to human serum proteins. J Pharm Sci. 1977 Jun;66(6):802-6. [ Article]
United States Code: Title 21,188 to 188n. Repealed. Pub. L. 91–513, title III, 1101(a)(7), Oct. 27, 1970, 84 Stat. 1292 | LII / Legal Information Institute". Law.cornell.edu . Retrieved 30 December 2011. Smoking, snorting or orally ingesting heroin does not produce an intense "rush" as might be experienced with intravenous (IV) injection. Heroin (diacetylmorphine) is derived from the morphine alkaloid found in opium and is roughly 2 to 3 times more potent. A highly addictive drug, heroin exhibits euphoric ("rush"), anxiolytic and analgesic central nervous system properties.Sb. Zákon o návykových látkách a o změně některých dalších zákonů, Czech Republic, effective since 1 January 1999; § 29 effective since 1 January 1999; § 29 Rätsch, Christian "The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants, Enthnopharmacology and Its Applications" 1998/2005, Rochester, Vermont, Park Street Press, ISBN 978-0-89281-978-2 Askitopoulou, Helen; Ramoutsaki, Ioanna A; Konsolaki, Eleni (2002). "Archaeological evidence on the use of opium in the Minoan world". International Congress Series. 1242: 23–29. doi: 10.1016/S0531-5131(02)00769-0.