Lonely Planet Sydney City Map

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The city also has an " urban forest growth strategy", in which it aims to regular increase the tree coverage in the city by frequently planting trees with strong leaf density and vegetation to provide cleaner air and create moisture during hot weather, thus lowering city temperatures. [472] Sydney has also become a leader in the development of green office buildings and enforcing the requirement of all building proposals to be energy-efficient. The One Central Park development, completed in 2013, is an example of this implementation. [473] [474] [475] [476] Car-dependency [ edit ] Traffic congestion in Warringah Freeway, Milsons Point a b "Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) Edition 3". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 5 October 2022 . Retrieved 29 January 2022. Sydney spans two geographic regions. The Cumberland Plain lies to the south and west of the Harbour and is relatively flat. The Hornsby Plateau is located to the north and is dissected by steep valleys. The flat areas of the south were the first to be developed; it was not until the construction of the Sydney Harbour Bridge that the northern reaches became more heavily populated. Seventy surf beaches can be found along its coastline, with Bondi Beach being the most famous.

Services offered". Housing New South Wales. 2012. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014 . Retrieved 19 October 2014. Parramatta". Parramatta Chamber of Commerce. 2014. Archived from the original on 6 August 2014 . Retrieved 13 July 2014. a b "Chronology of styles in Australian architecture". Sydney Architecture. 2014. Archived from the original on 8 September 2014 . Retrieved 19 July 2014. Whitaker, Anne-Maree (2009). "Castle Hill convict rebellion 1804". Dictionary of Sydney . Retrieved 3 January 2017. Australian cities are some of the most car-dependent cities in the world, [477] especially by world city standards, although Sydney's is the lowest of Australia's major cities at 66%. [478] Sydney also has the highest usage of public transport in an Australian city, at 27%–comparable with New York City, Shanghai and Berlin. Despite its high ranking for an Australian city, Sydney has a low level of mass-transit services, with a historically low-density layout and significant urban sprawl, thus increasing the likelihood of car dependency. [479] [480]

Spearritt, Peter (2000). Sydney's century, a history. Sydney: UNSW Press. pp.57–58. ISBN 0868405213. Main article: Railways in Sydney Central station is the busiest railway station in Australia, and the city's main public transport hub. Southern Sydney [ edit ] Kurnell, La Perouse, and Cronulla, along with various other suburbs, face Botany Bay. Main article: Light rail in Sydney The CBD and South East Light Rail connects Sydney's CBD with the South Eastern suburbs.

SL/nsw.gov.au". SL/nsw.gov.au. 9 October 2009. Archived from the original on 3 February 2013 . Retrieved 14 July 2011.

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Several localities, distinct from suburbs, exist throughout Sydney's inner reaches. Central and Circular Quay are transport hubs with ferry, rail, and bus interchanges. Chinatown, Darling Harbour, and Kings Cross are important locations for culture, tourism, and recreation. the Strand Arcade, located between Pitt Street Mall and George Street, is a historical Victorian-style shopping arcade. Opened on 1 April 1892, its shop fronts are an exact replica of the original internal shopping facades. [166] Westfield Sydney, located beneath the Sydney Tower, is the largest shopping centre by area in Sydney. [167]

The 1954 Royal Tour of Queen Elizabeth II". State Library of New South Wales. 10 January 2018 . Retrieved 18 August 2022.Sydney experiences an urban heat island effect. [134] This makes certain parts of the city more vulnerable to extreme heat, including coastal suburbs. [134] [135] In late spring and summer, temperatures over 35°C (95°F) are not uncommon, [136] though hot, dry conditions are usually ended by a southerly buster, [137] a powerful southerly that brings gale winds and a rapid fall in temperature. [138] Since Sydney is downwind of the Great Dividing Range, it occasionally experiences dry, westerly foehn winds typically in winter and early spring (which are the reason for its warm maximum temperatures). [139] [140] [141] Westerly winds are intense when the Roaring Forties (or the Southern Annular Mode) shift towards southeastern Australia, [142] where they may damage homes and affect flights, in addition to making the temperature seem colder than it actually is. [143] [144] Levy, Megan (2014). "Sydney, Melbourne more expensive than New York, says Living Index". The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 20 July 2014. Major developmental projects designed to increase Sydney's tourism sector include a casino and hotel at Barangaroo and the redevelopment of East Darling Harbour, which involves a new exhibition and convention centre, now Australia's largest. [311] [312] [313] From the late 1850s there was a shift towards Classical architecture. Mortimer Lewis designed the Australian Museum in 1857. [222] The General Post Office, completed in 1891 in Victorian Free Classical style, was designed by James Barnet. [223] Barnet also oversaw the 1883 reconstruction of Greenway's Macquarie Lighthouse. [214] [215] Customs House was built in 1844. [224] The neo-Classical and French Second Empire style Town Hall was completed in 1889. [225] [226] Romanesque designs gained favour from the early 1890s. Sydney Technical College was completed in 1893 using both Romanesque Revival and Queen Anne approaches. [227] The Queen Victoria Building was designed in Romanesque Revival fashion by George McRae; completed in 1898, [228] it accommodates 200 shops across its three storeys. [229] Recovering bushland on the Cumberland Plain Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW). (2005). Recovering Bushland on the Cumberland Plain: Best practice guidelines for the management and restoration of bushland. Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW), Sydney. Retrieved 12 September 2022.